Take-Aways (AI)
  • Adop­ti­on and timing: Key pro­vi­si­ons of the AI Act will come into force in stages bet­ween Febru­ary 2025 and August 2027.
  • Scope: The AI Act applies whe­re AI expen­dit­u­re is likely to affect indi­vi­du­als in the EU, regard­less of phy­si­cal deployment in the EU.
  • Com­pli­ance instru­ments: Codes of Prac­ti­ce for Gene­ral-Pur­po­se AI and an AI Pact are inten­ded to faci­li­ta­te com­pli­ance and will be deve­lo­ped by March 2025 or on an ongo­ing basis.

On August 1, 2024, the EU Com­mis­si­on Q&A to AI Act published. They are a good place to start if you are new to the topic. The fol­lo­wing infor­ma­ti­on is also of interest:

  • The Com­mis­si­on had the Stan­dar­dizati­on orga­nizati­ons CEN and CENELEC in May 2023 to defi­ne stan­dards for the requi­re­ments for high-risk systems and will now compa­re the man­da­te with the final ver­si­on of the AI Act;
  • The Com­mis­si­on is in the pro­cess of dra­wing up gui­de­lines for clas­si­fy­ing a system or use case as high-risk;
  • the topic Scope is only touch­ed on, but the AI Act should app­ly, among other things, if the use of an AI system affects peo­p­le in the EU. This sug­gests that it is suf­fi­ci­ent if the out­put is also used (as inten­ded) in the EU. Accor­din­gly, the aut­ho­ri­ties will hard­ly assu­me that a pro­vi­der places a system on the mar­ket or puts it into ope­ra­ti­on in the EU, alt­hough this is part of the legal defi­ni­ti­on of a provider;
  • again to the Time­frame of ent­ry into force:
    • The pro­hi­bi­ti­ons, defi­ni­ti­ons and pro­vi­si­ons rela­ted to AI liter­a­cy will app­ly 6 months after ent­ry into force on 2 Febru­ary 2025;
    • The rules on gover­nan­ce and the obli­ga­ti­ons for gene­ral pur­po­se AI beco­me appli­ca­ble 12 months after ent­ry into force on August 2, 2025;
    • The obli­ga­ti­ons for high-risk AI systems that clas­si­fy as high-risk becau­se they are embedded in regu­la­ted pro­ducts, listed in Annex II (list of Uni­on har­mo­nizati­on legis­la­ti­on), app­ly 36 months after ent­ry into force on 2 August 2027.
  • Art. 56 AEOI pro­vi­des for Codes of Prac­ti­ce are plan­ned. The first will con­cern Gene­ral-Pur­po­se AI (GPAI). Its com­pli­ance will give rise to a pre­sump­ti­on of com­pli­ance. It will curr­ent­ly being drawn up with the par­ti­ci­pa­ti­on of civil socie­ty and should be available by the end of March 2025;
  • the AI Pact as a frame­work for imple­men­ting the requi­re­ments – or pre­pa­ring for them – is curr­ent­ly being developed.