Take-Aways (AI)
  • Moti­on calls for a clear sepa­ra­ti­on bet­ween stan­dard-set­tin­g/­re­gu­la­to­ry tasks and exe­cu­ti­ve law enforce­ment tasks of the Sur­veil­lan­ce Service.
  • Aspects of cri­mi­nal pro­se­cu­ti­on are to be exclu­ded from the revi­sed Büpf and regu­la­ted in the StPO, inclu­ding govern­ment software.
  • Fede­ral Coun­cil rejects sub­or­di­na­ti­on of tech­ni­cal infras­truc­tu­re to the BPI for the time being; fur­ther reviews and dis­patch on total revi­si­on announced.
  • Fede­ral Coun­cil lea­ves open the que­sti­on of com­pen­sa­ti­on for tele­com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons ser­vice pro­vi­ders; cost regu­la­ti­ons will be exami­ned in depth in the total revision.

Moti­on Schmid-Fede­rer (10.3831): Büpf revision
Writ­ten off on 06/17/2015 in con­nec­tion with the dis­cus­sion of Busi­ness 13.025.

Sub­mit­ted text

The Fede­ral Coun­cil is ins­truc­ted to amend the Fede­ral Act on the Sur­veil­lan­ce of Postal and Tele­com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons Traf­fic (Büpf) in the cour­se of the plan­ned total revi­si­on in such a way that the fol­lo­wing points are taken into account:

(1) It must be descri­bed which stan­dard-set­ting, regu­la­to­ry tasks the moni­to­ring ser­vice is to per­form wit­hout being bound by ins­truc­tions and which tasks the ser­vice per­forms as an exe­cu­ti­ve organ of law enforce­ment. A sepa­ra­ti­on into two enti­ties is conceivable.

2. all aspects of law enforce­ment are to be omitted.

3. the tech­ni­cal infras­truc­tu­re of the ser­vice shall be sub­ject to the Fede­ral Law on Fede­ral Poli­ce Infor­ma­ti­on Systems (BPI).

(4) The tele­com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons ser­vice pro­vi­ders shall be com­pen­sa­ted by the Ser­vice for the actu­al legal costs incur­red per inter­cep­ti­on, up to a maxi­mum amount to be determined.

Justi­fi­ca­ti­on

The total revi­si­on of the Büpf met with broad resi­stance in the con­sul­ta­ti­on pro­cess. Nevert­hel­ess, a revi­si­on is neces­sa­ry, as law enforce­ment must be able to moni­tor as a last resort, even modern com­mu­ni­ca­ti­on chan­nels that are not cover­ed by the exi­sting Büpf.

The Büpf is not inten­ded to regu­la­te anything that is regu­la­ted else­whe­re. The pos­si­bi­li­ties and pro­ce­s­ses of cri­mi­nal pro­se­cu­ti­on are regu­la­ted in the Swiss Code of Cri­mi­nal Pro­ce­du­re (StPO), inclu­ding tele­com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons sur­veil­lan­ce and so-cal­led govern­ment software.

Sin­ce the new cen­tral tech­ni­cal infras­truc­tu­re of the moni­to­ring ser­vice to be crea­ted ser­ves the enforce­ment of a coer­ci­ve mea­su­re and sole­ly the law enforce­ment aut­ho­ri­ties, it must be sub­ject to the Fede­ral BPI Act.

Sin­ce data domi­na­ti­on is not the respon­si­bi­li­ty of the ope­ra­tors accor­ding to Büpf, but of the orde­ring law enforce­ment aut­ho­ri­ties, data pro­tec­tion is gover­ned by the pro­vi­si­ons of the StPO, the BPI and any can­to­nal or fede­ral guidelines.

On the other hand, the law must sepa­ra­te the service’s norm-set­ting tasks and duties from its purely exe­cu­ti­ve duties, as is cus­to­ma­ry under the rule of law. Norm-set­ting must be regu­la­ted in such a way that the­re is plan­ning secu­ri­ty for tele­com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons ser­vice pro­vi­ders and moni­to­ring secu­ri­ty for law enforce­ment. Finan­ces must be regu­la­ted in such a way that the costs of the ser­vice remain as low as pos­si­ble, while sur­veil­lan­ce is paid for accor­ding to the pol­lu­ter-pays principle.

State­ment of the Fede­ral Council

1 The Fede­ral Coun­cil pro­po­ses that para­graph 1 of the moti­on be accept­ed. Howe­ver, it points out that the inde­pen­dence of the ser­vice under cur­rent law (Art. 2 para. 2 of the Fede­ral Act of 6 Octo­ber 2000 on the Inter­cep­ti­on of Postal and Tele­com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons Traf­fic, Büpf; SR 780.1) con­cerns the rela­ti­on­ship with the FDJP and the Fede­ral Coun­cil and not that with the law enforce­ment aut­ho­ri­ties. In rela­ti­on to the law enforce­ment aut­ho­ri­ties, the ser­vice is inde­pen­dent in the hier­ar­chi­cal sen­se any­way (i.e., the­re is no right to issue ins­truc­tions or the right of the law enforce­ment aut­ho­ri­ties to act direct­ly in place of the ser­vice). Howe­ver, the Ser­vice is bound by the enforceable sur­veil­lan­ce orders of the law enforce­ment authorities.

The Fede­ral Coun­cil pro­po­ses that para­graph 2 of the moti­on also be accept­ed. The aspects of cri­mi­nal pro­se­cu­ti­on are inde­ed to be omit­ted from the total­ly revi­sed Büpf. At the cur­rent stage of the ongo­ing revi­si­on work and based on its rele­vant decis­i­on of 23 Novem­ber 2011, the Fede­ral Coun­cil assu­mes that an expli­cit legal basis must be crea­ted in the Code of Cri­mi­nal Pro­ce­du­re (CCP; SR 312.0) for the use of govern­ment soft­ware to moni­tor tele­com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons. In this con­text, it is also exami­ning whe­ther a cor­re­spon­ding legal basis must be crea­ted in the Code of Cri­mi­nal Pro­ce­du­re for the use of iden­ti­fi­ca­ti­on, track­ing and inter­cep­ti­on systems such as Imsi-Catchers.

The Fede­ral Coun­cil pro­po­ses that para­graph 3 of the moti­on be rejec­ted. It can­not yet com­mit its­elf to the pro­po­sal con­tai­ned the­r­ein, as it still has to exami­ne the issue as part of the fur­ther work on the total revi­si­on of the Büpf. This tog­e­ther with rela­ted que­sti­ons that have ari­sen as a result of its decis­i­on of 23 Novem­ber 2011 to store the sur­veil­lan­ce data in the long term in a cen­tral IT system at the Fede­ral Postal and Tele­com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons Traf­fic Sur­veil­lan­ce Ser­vice. It should be bor­ne in mind that even if the service’s data pro­ce­s­sing system were to be sub­ject to the Fede­ral Act of 13 June 2008 on Fede­ral Poli­ce Infor­ma­ti­on Systems (BPI; SR 361), spe­ci­fic legis­la­ti­ve pro­vi­si­ons would have to be crea­ted for this system, just as for the other systems sub­ject to the BPI. The que­sti­on – not least of an edi­to­ri­al natu­re – as to which law would bet­ter accom­mo­da­te the neces­sa­ry pro­vi­si­ons should not be pre­jud­ged. The Fede­ral Coun­cil will com­ment on the­se que­sti­ons in its dis­patch on the total revi­si­on of the BPI, which is expec­ted to be available in the cour­se of 2012.

The Fede­ral Coun­cil pro­po­ses that para­graph 4 of the moti­on also be rejec­ted. It can­not yet com­mit its­elf to the pro­po­sal con­tai­ned the­r­ein, as it still has to exami­ne the que­sti­on of the costs asso­cia­ted with the inter­cep­ti­on of postal and tele­com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons traf­fic – in par­ti­cu­lar the com­pen­sa­ti­on of tele­com­mu­ni­ca­ti­ons ser­vice pro­vi­ders and the fees for which the law enforce­ment aut­ho­ri­ties must pay – in grea­ter depth as part of the fur­ther work on the total revi­si­on of the Büpf. The Fede­ral Coun­cil will also com­ment on this point in its dispatch.